The Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (SFC) will now allow tokenized authorized investment products to be offered to retail investors. Recognizing the growing interest in the tokenization of investment products in Hong Kong, on 2 November 2023, the SFC issued a circular outlining the public offering scheme and requirements of tokenized authorized investment products under the Securities and Futures Ordinance for primary dealings. However, secondary trading of such tokenized investment products is not allowed yet.
The public offering scheme is subject to certain investor protections and safeguard requirements, which are summarized below.
Tokenization Arrangement
Tokenization of investment products involves the creation of
blockchain-based tokens representing ownership in an investment
product, which can be recorded digitally and offered directly to
investors or through licensed intermediaries.
The SFC requires the product providers of tokenized SFC-authorized
investment products (Product Providers) to:
- be held ultimately responsible for the management and operational soundness of the tokenization arrangement, regardless of any outsourcing;
- maintain proper records of token holders' ownership interests and make tokenization arrangements operationally compatible with service providers involved;
- ensure adequate measures are in place to manage cybersecurity risks, data privacy, system outages, and business continuity; and
- ensure additional control is imposed when using public-permissionless blockchain networks.
The SFC may also specifically request a Product Provider to:
- demonstrate the management and operational soundness of the tokenization arrangement, ownership record-keeping, and integrity of smart contracts;
- obtain third-party audits or verifications; and
- obtain satisfactory legal opinions to support the application.
Prior consultation with the SFC is required for the launch of new investment products that have tokenization features and the tokenization of existing SFC-authorized investment products.
Disclosure
The offering documents of tokenized SFC-authorized investment products should clearly set out:
- details of the tokenization arrangement, including whether off-chain or on-chain settlement is final;
- ownership representation of the tokens (e.g., the legal and beneficial title of the tokens, ownership of / interests in the product); and
- associated risks with the tokenization arrangement such as cybersecurity, system outages, the possibility of undiscovered technical flaws, the evolving regulatory landscape, and potential challenges in application of existing laws.
Intermediaries
Distributors of tokenized SFC-authorized investment products must be regulated intermediaries, adhering to existing rules and regulations, and conducting client onboarding and suitability assessments.
Staff Competence
Product Providers must demonstrate to the SFC that they have competent staff with relevant experience and expertise to oversee the tokenization arrangement, manage ownership-related risks, and handle the technology appropriately.
Conclusion
The issuance of this circular has also reflected the SFC's efforts to ensure appropriate safeguards are in place to mitigate risks associated with this emerging technology. The clear requirements as to tokenization arrangement and disclosure in offering documents are anticipated to further promote investor protection, market integrity, and innovation in Hong Kong's financial industry.
The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.